Overview
Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which a person has recurrent seizures. A seizure is caused by a sudden burst of excess electrical activity in the brain, causing a temporary disruption in the normal message passing between brain cells. This disruption results in the brain's messages becoming halted or mixed up.
Classification And Types Of Epilepsy
A simple classification of epilepsy is : -- Generalised Epilepsy
- Generalised Tonic Clonic seizures
- Absences
- Myoclonic epilepsy
- Partial Epilepsy
- Simple partial seizure
- Complex partial seizure
- Partial becoming generalized.
Causes Of Epilepsy
Some seizures are idiopathic, which means the cause can not be identified. Such seizures usually begin between ages 5 and 20, but they can occur at any age. People with this condition have no other neurological problems, but often have a family history of seizures or epilepsy.Some of the things that can make a person more likely to develop epilepsy : -
- A brain injury, such as from a car crash or bike accident
- An infection or illness that affected the developing brain of a fetus during pregnancy
- Lack of oxygen to an infant's brain during childbirth
- Meningitis, encephalitis, or any other type of infection that affects the brain
- Brain tumors or strokes
- Poisoning, such as lead or alcohol poisoning
- Alcohol withdrawal
- Birth injuries
Diagnosis Of Epilepsy
An electroencephalograph (EEG), a reading of the electrical activity in the brain, may confirm the presence of various types of seizures. It may, in some cases, indicate the location of the lesion causing the seizure. EEGs can often be normal in between seizures, so it may be necessary to do prolonged EEG monitoring.Brain imaging methods (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] or computer tomography [CT] scanning) may also be used to find the location of a scar or damaged brain tissue. Sometimes positron emission tomography [PET] is used to examine brain blood flow.
The Treatments For Epilepsy Include : -
Temporal Lobectomy
Lesionectomy
Hemispherectomy
Corpus Callosotomy
Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Multiple Subpial Transections
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Thalamotomy 
Meningiomas 
Hemispherectomy
Pineocytoma
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